Naukowcy z National University of Singapore (NUS) stworzyli inteligentne szwy chirurgiczne, które bezprzewodowo wykrywają i przesyłają informacje o procesie gojenia się wewnętrznej rany pooperacyjnej. Wynalazek składa się z trzech elementów: jedwabnej nici chirurgicznej pokrytej polimerem, czujnika i zewnętrznego czytnika sygnałów.
Jednym z ważnych elementów zapobiegania zakażeniom i innym powikłaniom ran chirurgicznych jest monitorowanie ich procesu gojenia. Jednak gdy operowane miejsce znajduje się wewnątrz organizmu, kontrolowanie stanu rany ogranicza się jedynie do obserwacji objawów klinicznych lub wykonania badań radiologicznych, które nie zawsze wykrywają poważne powikłania.
– Obecnie powikłania pooperacyjne często nie są wykrywane, dopóki u pacjenta nie wystąpią objawy ogólnoustrojowe, takie jak ból, gorączka lub przyspieszone bicie serca. Te inteligentne szwy mogą być używane jako narzędzie wczesnego ostrzegania, umożliwiające lekarzom interwencję, zanim powikłanie stanie się zagrożeniem dla życia. [Wynalazek – red.] może prowadzić do niższych wskaźników reoperacji, szybszego powrotu do zdrowia pacjentów i lepszych wyników leczenia – podkreśla John Ho, adiunkt w NUS.
Bezprzewodowe wykrywanie powikłań wewnętrznych ran chirurgicznych
Naukowcy z Inżynierii Elektrycznej i Komputerowej NUS oraz Instytutu Innowacji i Technologii Zdrowia NUS wynaleźli inteligentny szew chirurgiczny, który zawiera niewielki czujnik elektryczny i w ten sposób monitoruje proces gojenia się wewnętrznej rany. Wynalazek może wykryć m.in. rozejście się rany, infekcję lub wyciek z żołądka, ale monitoruje również mikroruchy tkanek.
Rozwiązanie składa się z trzech kluczowych elementów: jedwabnego szwu pokrytego polimerem, który pozwala na bezprzewodowe reagowanie na sygnały wewnątrz organizmu; czujnika elektrycznego bez baterii; bezprzewodowego czytnika. Naukowcy wskazują, że jedną z zalet inteligentnych szwów jest to, że ich użycie wiąże się z minimalna modyfikacją procedury chirurgicznej.
Szew działa za pomocą technologii identyfikacji radiowej (RFID). Zewnętrzny czytnik wysyła sygnał do inteligentnego szwu i wykrywa odbity sygnał. Zmiana częstotliwości odbitego sygnału wskazuje na możliwe powikłanie chirurgiczne w miejscu rany. Sygnał może być odczytywany na głębokości do 5 cm. Głębokość można potencjalnie zwiększać poprzez poprawę przewodności szwu lub czułości czytnika bezprzewodowego. Inteligentne szwy mogą zostać usunięte za pomocą minimalnie inwazyjnej procedury chirurgicznej lub endoskopowej, gdy minie ryzyko powikłań.
Rozwiązanie może w przyszłości skrócić czas hospitalizacji operowanego pacjenta
Zespół naukowców w przeprowadzonych przez siebie eksperymentach wykazał, że inteligentne szwy nie zakłócają procesu gojenia. Wynalazek okazuje się być bezpieczny, a jego wytrzymałość i biotoksyczność jest porównywalna do tradycyjnych nici chirurgicznych.
Zespół zamierza w przyszłości wzbogacić opracowaną technologię w ten sposób, by monitorowanie rany było możliwe na odległość. Dzięki temu, jak wskazują eksperci, można skrócić czas hospitalizacji operowanego pacjenta. Naukowcy w swój projekt zaangażowali chirurgów oraz producentów urządzeń medycznych. Rozwiązanie ma być również dostosowane do wykrywania krwawienia i wycieku z ran po operacji jelitowo-żołądkowej. Specjaliści chcą również zwiększyć głębokość, na której szwy mogą być z powodzeniem używane, co umożliwi kontrolowanie głębszych narządów i tkanek.
Źródło: news.nus.edu.sg
Przeczytaj także: Powstał opatrunek jelitowy przeznaczony do uszczelniania ran przewodu pokarmowego
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