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Powstał opatrunek jelitowy przeznaczony do uszczelniania ran przewodu pokarmowego

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Hydrożelowy opatrunek opracowany przez naukowców ze Szwajcarii i Wielkiej Brytanii dokładnie uszczelnia rany i nacięcia powstałe w wyniku operacji w przewodzie pokarmowym. Wykonany jest z biokompatybilnych substancji, które nie rozpuszczają się pod wpływem działania kwasu żołądkowego i pozostają na ranie aż do całkowitego jej wygojenia.

Naukowcy podkreślają, że obecnie stosowane opatrunki na bazie fibryny, które służą do uszczelniania ran w układzie pokarmowym, szybko rozpuszczają się pod wpływem np. kwasu żołądkowego i nie pozostają na obrażeniach do końca procesu gojenia. Dlatego badacze postanowili opracować hydrożelowy opatrunek, który skutecznie uszczelnia rany i jest trwały mechanicznie.

Trwały i odporny opatrunek hydrożelowy

Hydrożelowy opatrunek jelitowy powstał we współpracy szwajcarskiego instytutu badawczego Empa z brytyjskim Szpitalem Uniwersyteckim Queen Elizabeth. Materiał, z którego powstał wynalazek składa się z czterech biokompatyblinych substancji: kwasu akrylowego, acylanu metylu, akrylamidu i bis-akrylamidu. Naukowcy podkreślają, że opatrunek jest wysoce odporny chemicznie, szczelny, nie ulega degradacji i wykazuje silną adhezję.

Adhezja hydrożelowego opatrunku jest 10 razy większa niż w przypadku konwencjonalnych materiałów do tego typu ran. Ponadto badanie wykazało również, że opatrunek jest w stanie wytrzymać pięciokrotnie większe obciążenie ciśnieniowe w jelicie – podkreśla dr Alexandre Anthis z instytutu badawczego Empa.

Opatrunek przetestowano podczas badań ex vivo na jelitach świń. Naukowcy udowodnili, że cząsteczki innowacyjnego materiału usieciowiły się z cząsteczkami tkanki jelitowej, tworząc silne i długotrwałe wiązanie. W testach strawności hydrożele zachowały również integralność mechaniczną – opatrunek nie tylko nie rozpuścił się, ale także absorbował płyny jamy brzusznej i utrzymywał się na miejscu w trudnych warunkach jelitowych.

Opatrunek może wpłynąć na ograniczenie kosztów opieki zdrowotnej

Naukowcy podkreślają, że w obliczu starzejącej się populacji i wydłużającej się średniej życia, choroby przewlekłe odgrywają coraz większą rolę w systemowych wydatkach na ochronę zdrowia. Ludzi coraz częściej dotykają schorzenia układu pokarmowego, które wymagają inwazyjnych zabiegów chirurgicznych, takie jak rak jelita grubego, niedokrwienie jelit i choroby zapalne, choroba Leśniowskiego-Crohna lub wrzodziejące zapalenie jelita grubego.

Zespolenia narządów jamy brzusznej są konieczne w ratowaniu życia. Mogą im jednak towarzyszyć poważne powikłania powodujące wydłużenie czasu hospitalizacji i rekonwalescencji, co w konsekwencji powoduje wzrost kosztów dla systemu opieki zdrowotnej. Komplikacje mogą dotyczyć nieszczelności układu pokarmowego, co niejednokrotnie prowadzi do zapalenia otrzewnej, sepsy, a nawet śmierci. Badacze od lat próbują stworzyć szczelny materiał, który przylegałby do wszystkich rodzajów tkanek i wspomagał procesy gojenia ran w przewodzie pokarmowym. Opracowany przez szwajcarskich i brytyjskich naukowców opatrunek może wpłynąć na ograniczenie kosztów opieki zdrowotnej związane z powikłaniami po operacjach.

Źródło: onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Przeczytaj także: Eksperci o koniecznych zmianach w standardzie opieki nad chorymi z cukrzycą

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