Naukowcy z Lawson Health Research Institute (LHRI) opracowali proste urządzenie, które zmniejsza obrzęk u pacjentów po przeszczepie nerki. Geko jest przenośne, a jego działanie bezbolesne i nieinwazyjne. Ponadto urządzenie zmniejsza odsetek zakażeń ran pooperacyjnych i poprawia mobilność pacjentów po transplantacji narządu.
Naukowcy zakończyli trwające 2 lata badania kliniczne nad skutecznością Geko, zakładanej na dolną kończynę opaski, która działa jak aktywator pompy mięśniowej i zwiększa przepływ krwi poprzez bezbolesne impulsy elektryczne. Celem badań było wykazanie, że Geko minimalizuje obrzęk po przeszczepie, poprawia mobilność pacjentów, a także zmniejsza liczbę zakażeń ran pooperacyjnych.
Geko skuteczniejsze niż dotychczasowe metody leczenia
Dr Alp Sener, chirurg transplantacyjny i badacz w Lawson Health Research Institute, podkreśla, że wielu biorców narządów po operacji przeszczepu wymaga dłuższego pobytu w szpitalu ze względu na opóźnioną czynność nerek, infekcję rany pooperacyjnej czy brak mobilności. Pojawiający się po transplantacji obrzęk może negatywnie wpływać na proces gojenia się ran.
Obecnie w leczeniu obrzęku stosuje się pończochy przeciwzakrzepowe, których działanie polega na wspomaganiu odpływu krwi z żył w najniższych odcinkach kończyny, a także kompresję pneumatyczną (IPC), która uciska obrzękniętą kończynę. Naukowcy wskazują, że pończochy mogą być niewygodne w noszeniu, a IPC hamuje wczesną mobilność. Natomiast Geko jest niewielką opaską, którą zakłada się na podudzie. Działa ona bezinwazyjnie, nie powoduje bólu u pacjentów i nie generuje hałasu. Naukowcy z LHRI wskazują, że Geko jest skuteczniejsze niż dotychczas stosowana metoda.
2 lata badań
Trwające 2 lata badania kliniczne prowadzone były wśród 221 biorców przeszczepów. Przez 6 dni od transplantacji jedna grupa uczestników badań korzystała z pończoch przeciwzakrzepowych lub IPC, a druga testowała Geko.
Zespół badaczy wskazał, że osoby korzystające z pompy mięśniowej Geko oddawały o 27 proc. więcej moczu, a przyrost masy ciała zmniejszył się o 1 kilogram. Dzięki większej ilości produkowanego moczu i mniejszej retencji płynów obrzęki zmniejszyły się u pacjentów o 31 proc. Czas trwania hospitalizacji został skrócony o ponad jeden dzień w porównaniu do standardowej opieki. Osoby korzystające z Geko po operacji doświadczyły także poprawy mobilności. Zdaniem naukowców jest to spowodowane zmniejszonym obrzękiem, co z kolei wspiera łatwość i komfort poruszania się.
O 60 proc. mniej zakażonych ran
Kolejną uderzającą zmianą, jak wskazują naukowcy, było 60-procentowe zmniejszenie liczby zakażeń rany pooperacyjnej. Dr Alp Sener wskazuje, że pacjenci po przeszczepach są bardziej narażeni na infekcje z powodu przyjmowania leków immunosupresyjnych stosowanych po operacji. Zaznacza, że zmniejszenie liczby zakażeń to także obniżenie kosztów opieki zdrowotnej, którą zakażenia ran kosztują rocznie tysiące dolarów na osobę .
– Wyniki badania były zarówno zaskakujące, jak i ekscytujące. Nie tylko zmniejszyliśmy wskaźniki infekcji ran, ale także zaobserwowaliśmy znaczną poprawę funkcji nowego narządu po przeszczepie. Pacjenci zgłaszają, że są bardziej zadowoleni z procesu przeszczepu i bardziej mobilni – zaznacza dr Sener.
Źródło: Lawson Health Research Institute
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