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Skaleczenie ością – jak poradzić sobie z raną w jamie ustnej?

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Karp jest królem stołu wigilijnego. Ryba ta posiada jednak wiele ości, nie tylko dużych odchodzących od kręgosłupa, ale także drobnych, haczykowatych. Mogą one utknąć lub wbić się w gardło, ale także powodować skaleczenia i rany w jamie ustnej. W jaki sposób radzić sobie z tymi urazami?

Ość jest ostrym ciałem obcym i może spowodować uraz mechaniczny w jamie ustnej, m.in. w gardle, migdałkach podniebnych, nasadzie języka, w dołkach nagłośniowych i zachyłkach gruszkowatych. Błona śluzowa w jamie ustnej jest bardzo delikatna i podatna na urazy. Mimo tego, że ości zwykle powodują drobne rany, to mogą być one bolesne, a także utrudniać jedzenie i picie.

Skaleczenie ością i utknięcie ciała obcego w gardle

Uraz mechaniczny w jamie ustnej spowodowany skaleczeniem ością może powodować zerwanie błony śluzowej, co prowadzi do krwawienia i dolegliwości bólowych. Jeżeli skaleczenie jest niewielkie i obejmuje niedużą powierzchnię warstwy błony śluzowej, zaopatrzenie chirurgiczne z reguły nie będzie konieczne. W przypadku obfitszego krwawienia i rozleglejszego skaleczenia (większego niż 1 cm), które ponadto penetruje w głąb, konieczna może być ocena wziernikowa i chirurgiczne zaopatrzenie rany, np. założenie szwów.

Ciała obce, które wbiły się w gardło wymagają usunięcia. W tym celu nie należy samodzielnie usuwać ości, a zgłosić się z tym do lekarza. Usunięcie ciała obcego z gardła wymaga zwykle laryngoskopii bezpośredniej w znieczuleniu ogólnym. Ości w nasadzie języka lub wbite w migdałki są stosunkowo proste do usunięcia i wymagają użycia jedynie dłuższych kleszczyków. Próby usunięcia ości w warunkach domowych kończą się zwykle niepowodzeniem. Nie należy również przesuwać ciała obcego jedzeniem, np. zagryzając chlebem.

Rana w jamie ustnej – jak łagodzić dolegliwości spowodowane urazem?

Większość urazów mechanicznych w jamie ustnej goi się prawidłowo i nie pozostawia po sobie trwałych następstw. Po usunięciu ciała obcego nie jest wymagane specjalne leczenie, ponieważ rany w jamie ustnej goją się znacznie szybciej niż na powierzchni skóry. Niekiedy urazy te mogą jednak powodować dolegliwości bólowe i dyskomfort.

W przypadku skaleczenia w jamie ustnej lekarz może zalecić płukanie gardła roztworem z wodą utlenioną lub pędzlowanie wodnym roztworem fioletu gencjanowego. Do płukania można również użyć środka, który ma szerokie właściwości bójcze przeciw bakteriom, wirusom i grzybom. Najlepszy będzie ten z zawierający w swoim składzie oktenidynę. Jeżeli ranie towarzyszą dolegliwości bólowe zalecane są niesteroidowe leki przeciwbólowe. Pomocne są również preparaty do stosowania miejscowego, np. farmaceutyki z benzydaminą o właściwościach przeciwbólowych, przeciwzapalnych i antyseptycznych. Dostępne są w formie aerozoli oraz roztworów do płukania. W aptekach dostępne są także środki bez recepty przeznaczone do stosowania na rany w jamie ustnej w postaci żelu. W tej formie preparat dokładnie okrywa uraz cienką warstewką, która chroni przez niekorzystnymi czynnikami zewnętrznymi, a co za tym idzie – wspiera gojenie się rany.

Pacjenci, u których powstała rana w wyniku skaleczenia ością powinni unikać zabiegów i produktów, które mogłyby podrażnić zranione miejsce. Nie zaleca się spożywania produktów słonych, kwaśnych i ostrych, chrupiących o ostrych kantach, a także żucia gumy. Używanie pasty do zębów z zawartością laurylosiarczanu sodu może wywołać stan zapalny, dlatego również powinno się jej unikać. Do szczotkowania zębów zalecana jest miękka szczoteczka.

Źródło: mp.pl

 

Przeczytaj także: Ość wbiła się w gardło – co robić?

 

 

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