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Opatrunek hydrożelowy dostarczający tlen przyspiesza gojenie ran cukrzycowych

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Amerykańscy naukowcy opracowali hydrożelowy opatrunek, który stopniowo dostarcza tlen do łożyska rany i przyspiesza gojenie ran u pacjentów z cukrzycą. Ponadto wynalazek zmniejsza stan zapalny i obrzęk, a także wspomaga regenerację tkanek.

W czasopiśmie naukowym „Science Advances” opublikowane zostały badania nad innowacyjnym opatrunkiem. Hydrożel powstał we współpracy prof. Jianjuna Guana z McKelvey School of Engineering na Washington University w St. Louis, oraz naukowców z laboratorium Guana.

Tlen uwalniany jest do rany stopniowo

Hydrożelowy opatrunek dostarcza tlen do rany za pomocą mikrosfer, a pierwiastek ten uwalniany jest stopniowo przez okres dwóch tygodni. Skutkiem tego rozwiązania jest zmniejszenie obrzęku i stanu zapalnego rany, a w konsekwencji – przyspieszenie procesu gojenia.

Hydrożel został już przetestowany na modelu mysim. Naukowcy udowodnili, że rany goiły się szybciej w porównaniu ze stosowaniem tradycyjnego żelu i ran nieleczonych. W 16. dniu badań, rany leczone hydrożelem zmniejszyły swoją objętość o niemal 90 proc., leczone żelem – o około 70 proc., a nieleczone – o niemal 50 proc. Ponadto owrzodzenia, na które zastosowano hydrożel, miały znacznie cieńszy naskórek w ostatnim dniu terapii, zmniejszył się również stan zapalny.

Źródło: dailyadvent.com

Zbyt duże dostarczenie tlenu do rany niesie ze sobą ryzyko

Jak podkreślają naukowcy, tlen odgrywa ważną rolę w procesie gojenia ran. Po pierwsze wspomaga przeżycie komórek skóry, a po drugie stymuluje je do produkcji cząsteczek niezbędnych do regeneracji rany.

Obecnie istnieje wiele rozwiązań wykorzystujących tlen w procesie gojenia ran cukrzycowych. To chociażby zabiegi hiperbaryczne w komorze tlenowej. Zdaniem naukowców metoda ta niejednokrotnie wiąże się z ryzykiem toksyczności tlenu, a więc nie zawsze przynosi oczekiwane rezultaty. Zbyt duża ilość tlenu dostarczona do rany może powodować reaktywne formy tego pierwiastka – ROS – który uszkadza lub zabija komórki odpowiedzialne za regenerację. Hydrożel Guana jest w stanie redukować i niszczyć ROS, eliminując to ryzyko.

Hydrożelowy opatrunek nie tylko na rany cukrzycowe

Naukowcy stojący za opracowaniem hydrożelowego opatrunku podkreślają, że około 1/4 pacjentów z cukrzycą cierpi na bolesne owrzodzenia stóp. Rany goją się powoli z powodu niedotlenienia i upośledzenia naczyń krwionośnych, często powodując nasilony stan zapalny. Owrzodzenia niejednokrotnie stają się przewlekłe, prowadzą do obniżenia jakości życia pacjenta i potencjalnej amputacji.

Badacze planują zastosować hydrożel na większych modelach zwierzęcych, a następnie podjąć badania kliniczne na ludziach. Jak podkreśla prof. Guan, wynalazek jest nowym podejściem w leczeniu ran cukrzycowych bez konieczności stosowania leków. Ekspert podkreśla ponadto, że hydrożel może mieć również zastosowanie w leczeniu innych schorzeń, które cechują się niedotlenieniem, np. choroby tętnic lub choroba wieńcowa.

Źródło: dailyadvent.com

Przeczytaj także: Powstał opatrunek jelitowy przeznaczony do uszczelniania ran przewodu pokarmowego

Przeczytaj bezpłatnie pokrewny artykuł w czasopiśmie „Forum Zakażeń”:

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