Eksperci Newsy Obok slidera Zakażenia

Zakażenie rany – jak je rozpoznać i jak mu zapobiegać? Wywiad z ekspertką

Ten tekst przeczytasz w 3 min.

Zakażenia ran utrudniają proces leczenia się ran i mogą prowadzić do groźnych powikłań. O tym, jak rozpoznać zakażenie i jak zapobiegać powstawaniu zakażeń w ranach, mówi w rozmowie z Forum Leczenia Ran specjalistka w dziedzinie leczenia ran, mgr Elżbieta Szkiler.

Objawów zakażenia rany jest wiele i wbrew temu, co niektórzy sądzą, to klasyczne objawy stanu zapalnego ograniczone do łożyska rany rzadko oznaczają jej zakażenie. Objawy takie jak zaczerwienienie, obrzęk, zwiększona miejscowo ciepłota tkanek i ból mogą być oznaką zakażenia, ale często są także wynikiem reakcji tkanek na uraz i uaktywnienia się metaloproteinaz i wolnych rodników, a także czynników zapalnych.

Jakie są pierwsze objawy zakażenia rany?

– Do objawów zakażenia należy zmiana wyglądu łożyska rany, które w ranie czystej jest gładkie, różowe do jasnoczerwonego i lekko wilgotne. Objawami zakażenia są:

  • zmiana koloru, np. na mleczny, bursztynowy, krwisty, ropny;
  • zmiana ilości wysięku, kiedy rana jest bardzo sucha lub bardzo mokra;
  • zmiana konsystencji wysięku na gęstą lub wodnistą;
  • pojawienie się w łożysku rany grudkowej ziarniny albo włóknika.

Brzegi rany gojącej się prawidłowo powinny być gładkie i pokryte nieuszkodzonym naskórkiem w kolorze otaczającej ranę skóry. W przypadku zakażenia brzegi mogą być:

  • pozbawione naskórka,
  • pokryte hiperkeratozą,
  • uniesione (czasem zwane wałowatymi) lub wywinięte niczym klapy marynarki.

W okalających ranę tkankach może się pojawić:

  • obrzęk,
  • zaczerwienienie,
  • silna bolesność.

Ewidentnym objawem zakażenia jest wydzielina ropna, a w przypadku zakażenia bakteriami beztlenowymi – nieprzyjemny zapach.

Czasem tylko brak cech gojenia albo zatrzymanie gojenia są oznaką zakażenia rany i najczęściej dotyczy to zakażenia tkanek położonych głębiej.

Czy objawy zakażenia w ranach ostrych i trudno gojących się są różne?

Objawy zakażenia tkanek w ranach ostrych i niegojących się są podobne. Różnica polega na tym, że w ranach ostrych, takich jak rany chirurgiczne i pourazowe, zakażenie rzadko dotyczy tkanek okalających, a zmiany chorobowe są ograniczone wyłącznie do miejsca urazu.

Jakie działania powinien podjąć pacjent, gdy zauważy u siebie niepokojące objawy?

– Chory powinien się skontaktować ze specjalistą w dziedzinie leczenia ran. Objawy zakażenia mogą oznaczać niestabilność choroby podstawowej, a nie problem z samą raną.

W postępowaniu z zakażeniem niezbędne jest oczyszczanie rany, które można wykonać bezpiecznie pod prysznicem, a następnie wytrzeć to miejsce do sucha ręcznikiem papierowym i założyć przymoczek (mokry gazik) z antyseptykiem. Dalsze postępowanie musi dobrać specjalista leczenia ran, ponieważ będzie ono różne dla ran o różnej głębokości uszkodzenia tkanek, niezależnie od etiologii rany.

Czy da się zapobiegać powstawaniu zakażeń? Jak pielęgnować ranę, żeby uniknąć zakażenia?

Nie da się całkowicie uniknąć zakażeń. Drobnoustroje własne pacjenta, pochodzące z flory jelitowej, gardła, a także ze skóry, przemieszczają się wraz z krwią i wywołują objawy zakażeń szczególnie w owrzodzeniach (zakażenia endogenne). W ranach ostrych zakażenie jest najczęściej spowodowane zakażeniem miejsca operowanego, złą techniką zabiegu lub źle przeprowadzoną zmianą opatrunku i są to zakażenia egzogenne (zewnętrzne).

W pielęgnacji ran najważniejsze jest utrzymanie higieny, właściwy dobór opatrunku. Zarówno w ranach ostrych, jak i w owrzodzeniach zawsze powinien być stosowany nowoczesny opatrunek, a nie opatrunek gazowy. Gaza nie izoluje wysięku ani drobnoustrojów, nie utrzymuje właściwej temperatury tkanek, często przykleja się do łożyska, a nawet wrasta w tkanki i jest traktowana jak ciało obce, a fizjologiczną reakcją właściwą dla wszystkich tkanek jest wówczas wtórny stan zapalny.

Czego zdecydowanie nie wolno stosować w leczeniu ran zakażonych lub zagrożonych infekcją?

– Zdecydowanie nie wolno stosować opatrunków hydrokoloidowych, ale równocześnie bardzo ostrożnie należy stosować opatrunki samoprzylepne. Każdy opatrunek samodzielnie przyklejający się do skóry, ale także żelujący, w kontakcie z wysiękiem powoduje okluzję i ułatwia rozwój bakterii beztlenowych. Co więcej, zakażeń nigdy nie leczymy antybiotykiem, a szczególnie antybiotykiem o działaniu miejscowym. Zamiast tego należy stosować prawidłowo dobrane antyseptyki lub ich kombinację.

 

mgr Elżbieta Szkiler, pielęgniarka, specjalistka w dziedzinie leczenia ran

269 thoughts on “Zakażenie rany – jak je rozpoznać i jak mu zapobiegać? Wywiad z ekspertką

  1. Chronic caffeine treatment during prepubertal period confers long term cognitive benefits in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats SHR, an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD cialis for daily use This eagle did not have it

  2. I was very pleased to find this net-site.I wished to thanks in your time for this excellent learn!! I positively enjoying every little bit of it and I’ve you bookmarked to check out new stuff you weblog post.

  3. F*ckin’ tremendous issues here. I’m very happy to see your post. Thank you so much and i’m taking a look ahead to touch you. Will you kindly drop me a e-mail?

  4. Superb site you have here but I was wanting to know if you knew of any message boards that cover the same topics discussed in this article?
    I’d really like to be a part of community where I can get opinions from
    other knowledgeable people that share the same interest.
    If you have any suggestions, please let me know. Many thanks!

  5. magnificent post, very informative. I ponder why the opposite specialists of this sector don’t realize this. You must continue your writing. I am sure, you’ve a huge readers’ base already!

  6. I enjoy you because of every one of your work on this web site. My aunt really loves doing internet research and it is simple to grasp why. We all notice all relating to the dynamic ways you render powerful guidelines via the website and in addition attract response from others about this topic while our daughter has always been studying a great deal. Take advantage of the rest of the year. Your performing a wonderful job.

  7. Hi there very nice blog!! Guy .. Beautiful ..

    Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark your blog and take the feeds additionally?

    I am glad to seek out a lot of useful information here within the submit, we want develop extra techniques on this regard,
    thank you for sharing. . . . . .

  8. I would like to convey my love for your generosity for folks who have the need for assistance with this niche. Your very own dedication to getting the message around appears to be wonderfully interesting and has in most cases empowered women much like me to arrive at their pursuits. The important information can mean so much a person like me and far more to my mates. Thanks a lot; from all of us.

  9. Woah! I’m really digging the template/theme of this website. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s difficult to get that „perfect balance” between superb usability and appearance. I must say you have done a very good job with this. Additionally, the blog loads super quick for me on Internet explorer. Outstanding Blog!

  10. Thanks so much for providing individuals with a very breathtaking possiblity to read from this blog. It is always so good and as well , full of amusement for me personally and my office colleagues to search your website nearly three times a week to read the latest guidance you will have. Not to mention, we’re certainly fascinated for the perfect tips served by you. Some 3 ideas in this posting are undoubtedly the most beneficial we’ve ever had.

  11. After checking out a number of the articles on your blog, I seriously appreciate
    your way of blogging. I saved it to my bookmark site list and will be
    checking back soon. Take a look at my web site as well and tell me
    how you feel.

  12. 666330 573046Basically received my initial cavity. Rather devastating. I would like a super smile. Searching a good deal more choices. Many thanks for the article 695581

  13. I am curious to find out what blog platform you have been working with?
    I’m experiencing some minor security issues with my
    latest site and I’d like to find something more risk-free.
    Do you have any suggestions?

  14. I want to express some appreciation to the writer for rescuing me from this matter. As a result of scouting through the world-wide-web and finding tips that were not pleasant, I was thinking my life was over. Living without the approaches to the problems you have sorted out by way of your main site is a crucial case, as well as those which may have negatively damaged my career if I hadn’t encountered the blog. Your main mastery and kindness in controlling all things was valuable. I don’t know what I would’ve done if I hadn’t come upon such a thing like this. I can at this time look ahead to my future. Thanks for your time very much for this specialized and results-oriented guide. I will not be reluctant to endorse your web page to any person who should receive assistance on this issue.

  15. I want to show my thanks to you just for bailing me out of such a difficulty. Because of surfing through the the net and coming across strategies which were not pleasant, I thought my life was well over. Being alive devoid of the strategies to the difficulties you have fixed by way of your main article is a critical case, as well as those which might have in a wrong way affected my career if I hadn’t come across your website. Your personal understanding and kindness in taking care of everything was important. I am not sure what I would have done if I had not come across such a stuff like this. I can at this point look ahead to my future. Thank you so much for this impressive and amazing help. I won’t be reluctant to endorse your site to anyone who should receive tips about this subject.

  16. I blog often and I truly thank you for your information. This article has really
    peaked my interest. I will take a note of your site and keep checking for new information about
    once a week. I opted in for your RSS feed as well.

  17. I have to voice my respect for your kindness supporting people who absolutely need assistance with your content. Your very own commitment to getting the solution all over appears to be definitely valuable and have regularly helped associates just like me to achieve their pursuits. This warm and friendly key points implies a great deal to me and extremely more to my peers. With thanks; from everyone of us.

  18. I found your weblog site on google and verify a number of of your early posts. Proceed to keep up the excellent operate. I just further up your RSS feed to my MSN Information Reader. Searching for forward to studying extra from you afterward!?

  19. I precisely wanted to say thanks again. I am not sure what I might have sorted out in the absence of the entire strategies revealed by you on this question. It was a frightful case in my circumstances, nevertheless being able to view a professional manner you solved that made me to leap over contentment. Now i’m happy for your advice and as well , have high hopes you really know what a great job you were providing educating the others all through your web page. I know that you’ve never encountered any of us.

  20. That is really attention-grabbing, You are an overly skilled
    blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and stay up for
    searching for more of your great post. Also, I’ve
    shared your site in my social networks

  21. My spouse and i have been very comfortable Peter managed to do his web research while using the precious recommendations he acquired out of the web pages. It is now and again perplexing to just find yourself giving for free secrets and techniques that many many people may have been trying to sell. And we also grasp we need you to be grateful to because of that. The entire illustrations you made, the straightforward blog navigation, the friendships you give support to create – it’s all wonderful, and it is assisting our son and our family feel that the issue is pleasurable, and that’s extraordinarily mandatory. Thank you for all the pieces!

  22. I and my buddies appeared to be checking the excellent secrets from your website and so suddenly came up with an awful feeling I had not expressed respect to the web blog owner for those secrets. Those men appeared to be certainly passionate to study them and now have without a doubt been loving those things. Appreciation for genuinely quite helpful and for figuring out varieties of smart ideas most people are really desperate to know about. Our own honest apologies for not expressing gratitude to you earlier.

  23. I must convey my passion for your kind-heartedness supporting persons who must have assistance with the niche. Your special dedication to passing the message across has been extremely interesting and has frequently empowered men and women just like me to get to their desired goals. Your warm and helpful help means a whole lot to me and somewhat more to my office colleagues. Many thanks; from each one of us.

  24. I in addition to my buddies have already been examining the best tips on your web blog and so unexpectedly I had an awful feeling I never thanked you for those strategies. Those people became totally stimulated to see them and now have sincerely been taking pleasure in them. Many thanks for being considerably considerate and for deciding on variety of helpful resources millions of individuals are really eager to discover. Our own sincere regret for not expressing appreciation to sooner.

  25. I want to convey my admiration for your kindness supporting individuals who should have guidance on that study. Your very own dedication to getting the solution across has been extraordinarily valuable and have always helped guys and women just like me to realize their objectives. Your important tutorial denotes a great deal to me and extremely more to my peers. Regards; from everyone of us.

  26. I and my buddies came looking through the best information on the blog and unexpectedly I had a horrible feeling I had not expressed respect to the site owner for those tips. These ladies were so happy to read through them and already have in reality been using those things. Appreciation for getting so kind and then for choosing varieties of really good themes most people are really desperate to understand about. My very own sincere regret for not saying thanks to you earlier.

  27. Thank you for your whole efforts on this website. My mum take interest in carrying out investigations and it’s really easy to see why. My partner and i hear all of the lively manner you provide practical solutions on this web site and boost response from other ones on the concept plus our simple princess is being taught so much. Take advantage of the remaining portion of the new year. Your carrying out a first class job.

  28. I have to express my love for your kind-heartedness supporting those people who actually need guidance on that field. Your special dedication to getting the message throughout ended up being certainly advantageous and have enabled professionals just like me to achieve their dreams. Your important report means so much a person like me and a whole lot more to my office workers. Thanks a lot; from each one of us.

  29. My husband and i were ecstatic John could conclude his reports by way of the precious recommendations he got from your own web site. It is now and again perplexing just to choose to be giving freely hints some other people have been making money from. Therefore we already know we have the website owner to be grateful to for this. The main illustrations you have made, the straightforward blog navigation, the friendships you will aid to instill – it’s everything fabulous, and it’s really helping our son in addition to us know that that issue is exciting, and that’s very vital. Thank you for all the pieces!

  30. Aw, this was a really nice post. In concept I want to put in writing like this additionally ?taking time and precise effort to make a very good article?but what can I say?I procrastinate alot and in no way appear to get something done.

  31. I definitely wanted to post a brief remark to thank you for the wonderful ways you are showing on this site. My time consuming internet research has now been recognized with really good suggestions to exchange with my neighbours. I would repeat that we visitors actually are quite lucky to live in a fantastic website with many lovely people with great hints. I feel very much blessed to have used your entire web page and look forward to many more thrilling moments reading here. Thank you once more for a lot of things.

  32. Thanks so much for giving everyone an extraordinarily brilliant chance to read articles and blog posts from this blog. It can be so excellent plus stuffed with a lot of fun for me personally and my office colleagues to search your blog not less than 3 times a week to learn the latest issues you have. And indeed, I’m just actually contented concerning the eye-popping methods served by you. Some 2 points in this posting are ultimately the very best I’ve ever had.

  33. I precisely needed to thank you so much yet again. I am not sure the things that I would have achieved without the type of suggestions contributed by you concerning my subject. Completely was a very fearsome situation in my view, nevertheless encountering a new professional strategy you processed it took me to jump with joy. I’m just thankful for this assistance as well as pray you really know what a great job you were doing teaching most people with the aid of a blog. I’m certain you haven’t got to know any of us.

  34. Hello! Quick question that’s entirely off topic. Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly? My site looks weird when browsing from my iphone4. I’m trying to find a theme or plugin that might be able to resolve this issue. If you have any suggestions, please share. Thanks!

  35. I truly wanted to develop a small comment to be able to thank you for these stunning tricks you are sharing on this website. My time consuming internet investigation has now been recognized with wonderful facts and techniques to go over with my friends and classmates. I 'd suppose that many of us visitors are extremely endowed to exist in a fabulous network with very many marvellous individuals with insightful methods. I feel quite fortunate to have come across your entire website and look forward to plenty of more fun moments reading here. Thank you again for everything.

  36. Thank you for all of your effort on this web site. Ellie take interest in doing investigations and it’s easy to see why. Most of us hear all about the dynamic ways you give effective tips and tricks on your web site and even encourage response from some others on the issue while my child is actually being taught a lot. Take advantage of the rest of the year. Your performing a tremendous job.

  37. My husband and i were very ecstatic Emmanuel could conclude his basic research via the ideas he came across out of your web page. It is now and again perplexing to just always be giving away methods people today have been making money from. And we realize we now have the writer to appreciate for that. The specific explanations you have made, the straightforward site menu, the friendships you will give support to engender – it’s many spectacular, and it is making our son in addition to our family know that that idea is cool, which is certainly rather important. Many thanks for everything!

  38. I am glad for writing to make you know what a awesome experience my friend’s girl undergone checking your blog. She discovered a wide variety of issues, including what it’s like to have a wonderful coaching heart to let other people very easily know precisely a variety of specialized things. You really did more than her expected results. I appreciate you for imparting those warm and helpful, trusted, explanatory and in addition unique thoughts on the topic to Jane.

  39. Thank you for sharing excellent informations. Your website is very cool. I am impressed by the details that you’ve on this website. It reveals how nicely you understand this subject. Bookmarked this web page, will come back for more articles. You, my friend, ROCK! I found simply the information I already searched all over the place and just could not come across. What a great web-site.

  40. Having read this I thought it was very informative. I appreciate you taking the time and effort to put this article together. I once again find myself spending way to much time both reading and commenting. But so what, it was still worth it!

  41. Pingback: kel tec ksg
  42. I just couldn’t depart your web site prior to suggesting that I really enjoyed the standard info a person provide for your visitors? Is gonna be back often to check up on new posts

  43. I?¦ve been exploring for a little bit for any high quality articles or blog posts in this kind of area . Exploring in Yahoo I eventually stumbled upon this web site. Reading this information So i am happy to exhibit that I have an incredibly good uncanny feeling I found out just what I needed. I so much certainly will make sure to don?¦t omit this web site and provides it a glance on a constant basis.

  44. I think this is among the most significant info for me. And i am glad reading your article. But should remark on some general things, The site style is ideal, the articles is really nice : D. Good job, cheers

  45. Can I simply say what a reduction to search out somebody who actually is aware of what theyre talking about on the internet. You positively know easy methods to convey an issue to light and make it important. Extra individuals have to read this and perceive this side of the story. I cant consider youre not more common because you positively have the gift.

  46. We are a group of volunteers and opening a new scheme in our community. Your website provided us with valuable information to work on. You’ve done a formidable job and our entire community will be thankful to you.

  47. hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve definitely picked up anything new from proper here. I did alternatively expertise several technical points the usage of this site, since I skilled to reload the site lots of occasions prior to I may get it to load properly. I were puzzling over if your hosting is OK? No longer that I am complaining, however sluggish loading instances instances will sometimes impact your placement in google and can damage your high quality ranking if ads and ***********|advertising|advertising|advertising and *********** with Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my e-mail and can look out for much extra of your respective exciting content. Ensure that you update this again soon..

  48. I believe this website has got some very superb info for everyone. „The individual will always be a minority. If a man is in a minority of one, we lock him up.” by Oliver Wendell Holmes.

  49. Hello would you mind sharing which blog platform you’re working with? I’m planning to start my own blog in the near future but I’m having a tough time deciding between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal. The reason I ask is because your design and style seems different then most blogs and I’m looking for something completely unique. P.S Sorry for getting off-topic but I had to ask!

  50. You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this topic to be actually something which I think I would never understand. It seems too complex and very broad for me. I am looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang of it!

  51. BalMorex Pro is an exceptional solution for individuals who suffer from chronic joint pain and muscle aches. With its 27-in-1 formula comprised entirely of potent and natural ingredients, it provides unparalleled support for the health of your joints, back, and muscles. https://balmorex-try.com/

  52. ZenCortex Research’s contains only the natural ingredients that are effective in supporting incredible hearing naturally.A unique team of health and industry professionals dedicated to unlocking the secrets of happier living through a healthier body. https://zencortex-try.com/

  53. Unlock the incredible potential of Puravive! Supercharge your metabolism and incinerate calories like never before with our unique fusion of 8 exotic components. Bid farewell to those stubborn pounds and welcome a reinvigorated metabolism and boundless vitality. Grab your bottle today and seize this golden opportunity! https://puravive-web.com/

  54. Cerebrozen is an excellent liquid ear health supplement purported to relieve tinnitus and improve mental sharpness, among other benefits. The Cerebrozen supplement is made from a combination of natural ingredients, and customers say they have seen results in their hearing, focus, and memory after taking one or two droppers of the liquid solution daily for a week. https://cerebrozen-try.com/

  55. GlucoBerry is one of the biggest all-natural dietary and biggest scientific breakthrough formulas ever in the health industry today. This is all because of its amazing high-quality cutting-edge formula that helps treat high blood sugar levels very naturally and effectively. https://glucoberry-web.com/

  56. Keravita Pro™ is a dietary supplement created by Benjamin Jones that effectively addresses nail fungus and hair loss, promoting the growth of healthier and thicker nails and hair. The formula is designed to target the underlying causes of these health issues and provide comprehensive treatment. https://keravitapro-web.com

  57. Arctic blast is a powerful formula packed with natural ingredients and can treat pain effectively if you’re struggling with chronic pain. You can say goodbye to muscle cramps with this natural pain reliever in less than a minute. It helps with arthritic pain, blood circulation, and joint pain. It gives long-lasting effects that replace the need to go to surgery. https://arcticblast-web.com

  58. Having read this I thought it was very informative. I appreciate you taking the time and effort to put this article together. I once again find myself spending way to much time both reading and commenting. But so what, it was still worth it!

  59. PotentStream is designed to address prostate health by targeting the toxic, hard water minerals that can create a dangerous buildup inside your urinary system It’s the only dropper that contains nine powerful natural ingredients that work in perfect synergy to keep your prostate healthy and mineral-free well into old age. https://potentstream-web.com/

  60. PotentStream is designed to address prostate health by targeting the toxic, hard water minerals that can create a dangerous buildup inside your urinary system It’s the only dropper that contains nine powerful natural ingredients that work in perfect synergy to keep your prostate healthy and mineral-free well into old age. https://potentstream-web.com/

  61. I was just looking for this information for some time. After 6 hours of continuous Googleing, at last I got it in your site. I wonder what’s the lack of Google strategy that do not rank this kind of informative sites in top of the list. Generally the top web sites are full of garbage.

  62. Those are yours alright! . We at least need to get these people stealing images to start blogging! They probably just did a image search and grabbed them. They look good though!

  63. I do believe all of the ideas you’ve presented in your post. They’re very convincing and can certainly work. Nonetheless, the posts are very quick for beginners. May you please lengthen them a little from next time? Thank you for the post.

Dodaj komentarz

Twój adres e-mail nie zostanie opublikowany.