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Efektywniejsza produkcja celulozy bakteryjnej

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Naukowcy z Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego poszukują sposobu na wydajniejsze wytwarzanie celulozy bakteryjnej. Wyniki ich badań mogą się przyczynić do rozwoju terapii ran przewlekłych i oparzeń.

Nowa metoda produkcji

Zespół naukowców z Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technicznego opracował nowatorską metodę produkcji biocelulozy, która jest efektywniejsza i mniej obciążająca finansowo niż dotychczas stosowane technologie.

Naukowcy z ZUT skonstruowali bioreaktor wyposażony w generator wirującego pola magnetycznego. Urządzenie stymuluje komórki celulozy bakteryjnej do wzrostu i pobudza ich aktywność metaboliczną. Dzięki temu namnażanie komórek przebiega w wydajniejszy sposób, a cały proces produkcji jest bardziej efektywny. Stwarza to możliwość rozszerzenia produkcji na skalę przemysłową.

Wiele zastosowań

Celuloza bakteryjna to nanobiomateriał wytwarzany przez niepatogenne bakterie z gatunku Komagataeibacter xylinus, które występują naturalnie w środowisku. Ten biomateriał wykazuje specyficzne właściwości mechaniczne, fizyczne i biologiczne, które umożliwiają efektywne wykorzystanie go w wielu dziedzinach medycyny, takich jak leczenie ran i implantologia.

Celuloza bakteryjna charakteryzuje się wysoką biozgodnością i nie pobudza reakcji systemu immunologicznego. Nie jest cytotoksyczna, a ponadto stymuluje wzrost komórek.

Dzięki zdolności szczelnego przylegania do powierzchni i wysokiemu stopniowi uwodnienia opatrunki na bazie celulozy bakteryjnej mają właściwości łagodzące ból i zapewniają pacjentowi komfort podczas zmiany opatrunku. Dużą zaletą jest również porowatość biomateriału, która w przypadku stosowania go w formie opatrunku umożliwia utrzymanie wymiany gazowej pomiędzy raną a środowiskiem zewnętrznym. Opatrunki na bazie celulozy bakteryjnej wpływają na skrócenie czasu leczenia rany, przyspieszają proces jej gojenia i ograniczają ryzyko wystąpienia powikłań takich jak infekcje.

Dzięki zastosowaniu wirującego pola magnetycznego możliwe jest modyfikowanie właściwości fizyko-chemicznych celulozy bakteryjnej pod kątem optymalniejszego zastosowania w biomedycynie. Dzięki ekspozycji na pole magnetyczne zmianie mogą ulec właściwości wodne celulozy (zdolność do pochłaniania i utrzymania wody). Zmodyfikowany w ten sposób materiał znajduje zastosowanie w produkcji wysokochłonnych opatrunków wykorzystywanych w terapii ran o szczególnie dużym wysięku.

Ze względu na znaczną wytrzymałość mechaniczną, plastyczność i rozciągliwość celuloza bakteryjna może także znaleźć zastosowanie w implantologii. Wszczepy z celulozy bakteryjnej mogą być produkowane w dowolnych kształtach, dzięki czemu nadają się między innymi do stosowania jako protezy chrząstek, uszu, nosa i naczyń krwionośnych. Badania laboratoryjne wskazują na dobrą tolerancję implantów celulozowych i przyspieszenie regeneracji nerwów obwodowych.

Celuloza bakteryjna może także być wykorzystywana w produkcji medycznych materiałów kompozytowych, wykorzystywanych np. do regeneracji ubytków kości z powodu osteoporozy.

Źródła: http://naukawpolsce.pap.pl/, https://biotechnologia.pl/

Przeczytaj także: Przetoki – główne rodzaje i etiologia

Przeczytaj bezpłatnie pokrewny artykuł w czasopiśmie „Forum Zakażeń”:

Biomedyczne zastosowanie bakteryjnej celulozy

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