Badania naukowców z University of Zurich wykazały, że jedna z cytokin uważanych za biorące udział w rozwoju łuszczycy w rzeczywistości może chronić skórę przed jej objawami. Odkrycie to może wyjaśnić, dlaczego niektóre leki na łuszczycę nie osiągają wystarczającej efektywności.
Zespół naukowców ze Szwajcarii wykazał, że interleukina 12, czyli cytokina odpowiedzialna za aktywację komórek NK, monocytów i makrofagów, nie bierze udziału w rozwoju łuszczycy. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że IL-12 nie tylko nie ma szkodliwego działania, ale również pomaga w utrzymaniu prawidłowej funkcji skóry m.in. poprzez hamowanie nadmiernej proliferacji komórek.
Odkrycie to może stanowić odpowiedź na pytanie, dlaczego biologiczne leki na łuszczycę, których działanie polega na łącznym blokowaniu interleukiny 12 oraz interleukiny 23, nie osiągają pełnej skuteczności.
Mechanizm działania IL-12 rozpoznany
Zespół naukowców pod kierunkiem prof. Burkharda Bechera oraz Sarah Mundt z Institute of Experimental Immunology UZH przebadał rolę interleukiny 12 w rozwoju łuszczycy na myszach i w testach z udziałem ludzi.
Wyniki badań wykazały, że receptory IL-12 są obecne nie tylko na komórkach immunologicznych, ale również na keratynocytach, czyli komórkach budujących skórę. Rozpoznanie interleukiny 12 przez keratynocyty jest związane z ochronnym działaniem tej cytokiny na skórę. Jak tłumaczy Sarah Mundt:
– Interleukina 12 jest niezbędna do prawidłowego fizjologicznego funkcjonowania keratynocytów. Zapobiega m.in. nadmiernemu podziałowi tych komórek, co jest obserwowane w przebiegu łuszczycy.
Ulepszone leczenie łuszczycy
Jak wskazują autorzy projektu, wyniki badań mogą mieć znaczący wpływ na standardy leczenia łuszczycy. Leki stosowane w terapii tego schorzenia powinny blokować wyłącznie interleukinę 23, która bierze udział w odpowiedziach zapalnych i immunologicznych organizmu, ale nie interleukinę 12.
Naukowcy wskazują również, że ich odkrycia mogą mieć znaczenie także dla terapii innych chorób. Jak wyjaśnia prof. Burkhard Becher:
– Leki, które blokują interleukiny 12 i 23 łącznie, są stosowane także w leczeniu przewlekłych chorób zapalnych jelit oraz łuszczycowego zapalenia stawów. Rola interleukiny 12 w rozwoju tych chorób nie została jeszcze wystarczająco zbadana. Istnieje możliwość, że również w tym przypadku cytokina przekaźnikowa pełni funkcję ochronną.
Źródło: sciencedaily.com
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