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Powstała nowa metoda leczenia zakażeń C. difficile

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Clostridium difficile to najczęstsza przyczyna zakażeń szpitalnych, w tym również zakażeń ran. Naukowcy z University of California opracowali nową metodę terapii i profilaktyki infekcji tym patogenem.

Zakażenia Clostridium difficile stanowią duże wyzwanie dla współczesnej medycyny. Bakteria ta bardzo łatwo przenosi się pomiędzy pacjentami na terenie placówek medycznych, a jej leczenie jest utrudnione ze względu na oporność na niemal wszystkie dostępne antybiotyki z wyjątkiem wankomycyny.

Zespół amerykańskich naukowców, którym kierowali dr Rongsheng Jin z Wydziału Fizjologii i Biofizyki na University of California oraz prof. Min Dong z Harvard Medical School, opracował nową metodę zwalczania hiperwirulentnych szczepów C. difficile. Wyniki badań opublikowano w czasopiśmie naukowym „Nature Communications”.

Leczenie hiperwirulentnych szczepów C. difficile

Zespół amerykańskich naukowców po raz pierwszy przedstawił trójwymiarową strukturę toksyny B Clostridioides difficile (TcdB) w kompleksie z ludzkim receptorem – proteoglikanem siarczanu chondroityny 4 (CSPG4). Jak wyjaśnia dr Rongsheng Jin, toksyna ta ma kluczowe znaczenie w procesie zakażenia:

– TcdB jest jedną z dwóch homologicznych egzotoksyn C. difficile, które są głównymi czynnikami wirulencji odpowiedzialnymi za rozprzestrzenianie się infekcji tym patogenem – wyjaśnia ekspert. – Toksyna ta jest w stanie wywołać pełne spektrum objawów związanych z zakażeniem C. difficile.

Jak wskazuje dr Rongsheng Jin, nowe badania wskazują, że pomiędzy toksyną TcdB a receptorem CSPG4 istnieją unikalne wiązania. Oznacza to, że w oparciu o strukturę 3D można zaprojektować antygen naśladujący CSPG4, który może neutralizować główne warianty toksyny TcdB. Zapewni to unikalną drogę terapeutyczną do zwalczania niektórych hiperwirulentnych szczepów C. difficile.

Ulepszenie istniejących terapii

W oparciu o nowe odkrycia zespół naukowców opracował rodzinę rekombinowanych białek terapeutycznych. Obecnie trwają badania nad właściwościami terapeutycznymi nowych cząsteczek antytoksyny. Autorzy badań uważają, że mogą one zapewnić ochronę i neutralizację o szerokim spektrum działania przeciwko większości znanych wariantów toksyny TcdB. Może to potencjalnie ulepszyć istniejące terapie przeciwciałami w leczeniu zakażeń C. difficile.

Zespół pod kierunkiem dr. Rongshenga Jina złożył wniosek o opatentowanie neutralizujących toksynę cząsteczek.

C. difficile a leczenie trudno gojących się ran

C. difficile to częsty czynnik etiologiczny w zakażeniach odleżyn położonych w okolicy krzyżowej, a także owrzodzeń goleni, ran w przebiegu zespołu stopy cukrzycowej oraz ran pooperacyjnych. Zakażenie ran o etiologii C. difficile może spowodować znaczące wydłużenie procesu leczenia i wiązać się z poważnymi powikłaniami. Z tego powodu odkrycia amerykańskich naukowców mogą mieć duże znaczenie dla skutecznej terapii ran trudno gojących się.

Źródło: sciencedaily.com

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