Nieprawidłowe gojenie się tkanek przyczyną powstania guza mózgu
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Nieprawidłowe gojenie się tkanek przyczyną powstania guza mózgu

Natalia Janus6 738 komentarzy
Ten tekst przeczytasz w 2 min.

Według naukowców z University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) i Princess Margaret Cancer Center proces gojenia po urazie mózgu może pobudzić rozwój guza. Jak tłumaczą eksperci, może do tego dojść na skutek wykolejenia z powodu mutacji nowych komórek wygenerowanych w celu zastąpienia tych, które zostały utracone w wyniku urazu.

Wnioski te mogą przyczynić się do opracowania nowatorskiej terapii dla pacjentów z glejakiem, których dotychczasowe leczenie pozwala na wydłużenie życia do 15 miesięcy od diagnozy.

Do urazu mózgu może dojść na skutek urazu, infekcji bądź udaru

– Nasze dane sugerują, że prawidłowa zmiana mutacyjna w poszczególnych komórkach mózgu może zostać zmodyfikowana przez uraz, powodując powstanie guza – powiedział dr Peter Dirks, lider zespołu Dream Team, szef oddziału neurochirurgii, starszy naukowiec w programie Developmental and Stem Cell Biology w SickKids.

Badania pod kierownictwem Gary’ego Badera, profesora genetyki molekularnej w Donnelly Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research na Wydziale Lekarskim U of T’s Temerty oraz dr. Trevora Pugha, starszego naukowca w Princess Margaret zostały opublikowane w czasopiśmie „Nature Cancer”.

– Glioblastomę można traktować jako ranę, która nigdy nie przestaje się goić – zaznaczył Peter Dirks. Jesteśmy podekscytowani tym, co nam to mówi o powstawaniu i rozwoju raka, a to otwiera zupełnie nowe pomysły dotyczące leczenia, koncentrując się na urazie i reakcji zapalnej.

Nowe subpopulacje komórek macierzystych glejaka

W celu zmapowania budowy molekularnej komórek macierzystych glejaka (GSC) eksperci wykorzystali najnowsze technologie sekwencjonowania RNA pojedynczych komórek i uczenia maszynowego. Zespół dr. Dirksa wykazał również, że to komórki macierzyste glejaka odpowiadają za inicjację i nawrót guza po leczeniu.

Naukowcy wykazali również nowe subpopulacje komórek macierzystych glejaka, które wykazują molekularne cechy zapalenia oraz są mieszane z innymi nowotworowymi komórkami macierzystymi w środku guza u pacjenta. Oznacza to, że pewna grupa glejaków formuje się nawet wiele lat przed wystąpieniem objawów u pacjenta.

Według badań, po zmutowaniu komórka, która angażuje się w gojenie ran nie przestaje się namnażać. To natomiast pobudza wzrost guza.

– Celem jest zidentyfikowanie leku, który zabije komórki macierzyste glejaka – zwrócił uwagę prof. Bader. Najpierw jednak musieliśmy zrozumieć molekularną naturę tych komórek, aby móc skuteczniej je kierować.

Badanie zostało przeprowadzone na podstawie guzów u 26 pacjentów. Naukowcy poddali analizie ok. 70 000 komórek. Wykorzystano do tego jednokomórkowe sekwencjonowanie RNA.

Źródło: eurekalert.org

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