Naukowcy z University of Washington dokonali rewizji badania z 1944 r. nad optymalną dzienną dawką witaminy C. Wyniki analizy wykazały, że zalecana przez WHO dawka może być zbyt niska dla skutecznego zapobiegania zaburzeniom gojenia ran.
Witamina C odgrywa ważną rolę w produkcji kolagenu, który jest niezbędny w procesie kształtowania tkanki bliznowatej. Badania, których wyniki opublikowano w sierpniu na łamach czasopisma naukowego „American Journal of Clinical Nutrition”, wskazują, że minimalna dzienna dawka witaminy C rekomendowana przez Światową Organizację Zdrowia (45 mg) może być zbyt niska dla zapewnienia prawidłowego procesu gojenia ran i formowania blizn.
Rewizja dotychczasowych badań
Analiza przeprowadzona przez naukowców z Waszyngtonu została oparta na badaniu przeprowadzonym w 1944 r. w ośrodku Sorby Research Institute w Sheffield. Celem tamtego badania było określenie minimalnego spożycia witaminy C wymaganego do zapobiegania szkorbutowi. Jednym z istotnych objawów szkorbutu jest zaburzenie procesu gojenia ran, dlatego w przebiegu badania uczestnikom wykonywano rany i sprawdzano, jak zmiana podaży witaminy C wpływa na gojenie. Wyniki badania w Sorby Research Institute wykazały, że minimalna dawka konieczna dla zachowania prawidłowego gojenia wynosi 10 mg witaminy C dziennie. W oparciu m.in. o te badania Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia określiła rekomendowane dzienne spożycie witaminy C na 45 mg.
Rewizja badań dokonana przez naukowców z University of Washington wskazuje jednak, że zalecana przez WHO dawka jest zbyt niska, by skutecznie zapobiegać opóźnieniu gojenia ran i osłabieniu tkanki bliznowatej. Jak wskazują autorzy nowej analizy, u pacjentów przyjmujących witaminę C w dawce 10 mg/d blizny były o 42% słabsze niż u pacjentów spożywających dziennie 80 mg witaminy C. W kontekście prawidłowego gojenia ran i tworzenia blizn średnie dzienne spożycie witaminy C powinno według autorów badania wynosić pomiędzy 75 a 110 mg. To dawka w przedziale rekomendowanym przez ośrodki National Academy of Medicine oraz European Food Safety Authority, ale jednocześnie ponad dwukrotnie większa, niż zaleca WHO.
Wyniki analizy wskazują również, że w przypadku wystąpienia stanów patologicznych związanych z niewystarczającą produkcją kolagenu (opóźnione gojenie ran, nieprawidłowa formacja blizn), spowodowanych niedoborem witaminy C, suplementacja tej witaminy musi być długotrwała i oparta na wysokich dawkach. Spożycie witaminy C w dawce 65 mg/d przez średnio 6,5 miesiąca nie przywróciło uczestnikom badania normalnej zdolności tkanek do gojenia ran.
Wytyczne wymagają aktualizacji
Badacze z Waszyngtonu wskazują, że nieprawidłowe rekomendacje dotyczące spożycia witaminy C mogą wynikać z dotychczasowego braku analiz statystycznych na zebranych danych. Naukowcy apelują o aktualizację rekomendacji, tak by zachować skuteczność profilaktyki i leczenia zaburzeń związanych z gojeniem ran.
Źródła: sciencedaily.com, academic.oup.com

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